ἐπεὶ μὲν γιγνώσκεις τὰ μέρη τῆς κεφαλῆς, περὶ δὲ τῶν ἄλλων μερῶν
τοῦ σώματος δεῖ μανθάνειν. ἔστι δὲ τὰ μέγιστα μέρη τοῦ σώματος
μετὰ τὴν κεφαλὴν τράχηλος καὶ θώραξ καὶ χεῖρες καὶ σκέλη.
ἵσταται δ' ἡ κεφαλὴ ἐπὶ τοῦ τραχήλου. ὑποκεῖνται δὲ τῷ τραχήλῳ οἱ ὦμοι ἑκατέρωθεν. καὶ τὸ μὲν ὄπισθεν μέρος τὸ ὑπὸ τοῖς ὤμοις νῶτον λέγεται· τὸ δ' ἔμπροσθεν μέρος στῆθος. καὶ τὸ μεταξὺ τοῦ στήθους εἰσὶ στέρνον καὶ δύο μαστοί. ἀπὸ δὲ τῶν ὤμων εἰσιν οἱ βραχίονες· καὶ οὕτως ἐφεξῆς βραχίων καὶ πῆχυς καὶ χείρ. τὸ δ' ἄρθρον βραχίονός τε καὶ πήχεος, ἀγκὼν ἢ ὠλένη· τὸ δ' ἄρθρον πήχεός τε καὶ χειρός, καρπός. καὶ ἐν χειρὶ ἑκατέρᾳ πέντε δάκτυλοι.
τοῦ δὲ στήθους ἑκατέρωθέν ἐστι πλευρά· κοιλίαι τὸ ἐξεφῆς. ἡ ἄνω κοιλία θώραξ καὶ ἡ κάτω κοιλία γαστήρ ἐστι. καὶ ἐν μεσῷ τῆς κάτω κοιλίας ὁ ὀμφαλός. τὸ ὑπὸ τῷ νώτῳ μέρος τοῦ σώματος ἡ ὀσφῦς καὶ πυγαὶ τὰ μετὰ τὴν ὀσφὺν ἐφ' ὧν καθίζομεν· ἄλλοι δὲ πυγὰς γλουτοὺς καλοῦσιν· σκέλη δὲ τὸ ἐφεξῆς τῶν πυγῶν· τοῦ δὲ σκέλους τὰ μέρη τοσάδε· μηρός καὶ κνήμη καὶ πούς. γόνυ μὲν τὸ ἄρθρον τοῦ μηροῦ τε καὶ τῆς κνήμης· σφυρόν δὲ κνήμης τε καὶ ποδός . καὶ ἐφ' ἑκατέρου ποδὸς πέντε δάκτυλοι.
※ Green background color indicates core vocabulary.
| Nouns (τὰ ὀνόματα) | English Definition | Dict. | Gram. | Author |
| τράχηλος |
neck ὁ τράχηλος the neck (τοῦτο τὸ
ὄνομα ἑνικὸν καὶ τῆς ὀνομαστικῆς πτώσεως)
τοῦ τραχήλου of the neck (τὸ ὄνομα ἑνικόν καὶ τῆς γενικῆς πτώσεως) |
LSJ |
231 | |
| θώραξ |
trunk,
thorax ὁ θώραξ the trunk or thorax
(τοῦτο τὸ ὄνομα ἑνικὸν καὶ τῆς ὀνομαστικῆς πτώσεως)
τοῦ θώρακος of the trunk (or thorax) (τὸ ὄνομα ἑνικόν καὶ τῆς γενικῆς πτώσεως) |
LSJ |
256 | Her. Xen. |
| σκέλος | leg τὸ σκέλος the leg (τοῦτο τὸ
ὄνομα ἑνικὸν καὶ τῆς τε ὀνομαστικῆς καὶ αἰτιατικῆς
πτώσεως)
τοῦ σκέλους of the leg (τὸ ὄνομα ἑνικὸν καὶ τῆς γενικῆς πτώσεως) τὰ σκέλη the legs (τὸ ὄνομα πληθυντικόν καὶ τῆς τε ὀνομαστικῆς καὶ αἰτιατικῆς πτώσεως) |
LSJ | 264 |
Her. Xen. |
| ὦμος |
shoulder ὁ ὦμος the shoulder (τοῦτο τὸ ὄνομα ἑνικὸν
καὶ τῆς τε ὀνομαστικῆς καὶ αἰτιατικῆς πτώσεως)
τοῦ ὤμου of the shoulder (τὸ ὄνομα ἑνικὸν καὶ τῆς γενικῆς πτώσεως) |
LSJ |
231 | Her. |
| νῶτον | back τὸ νῶτον the back (ἑνικὸν
ὀνομαστικῆς)
τοῦ νώτου of the back (ἑνκιόν γενικῆς) |
LSJ |
231 | Her. |
| στῆθος |
chest
τὸ στῆθος the chest (ἑνικὸν
ὀνομαστικῆς)
τοῦ στήθους of the chest (ἑνκιόν γενικῆς) |
LSJ | 264 | Her. Xen. |
| στέρνον | sternum (can also refer more broadly to
the chest) τὸ στέρνον the sternum (ἑνικὸν
ὀνομαστικῆς)
τοῦ στέρνου of the sternum (ἑνικὸν γενικῆς) |
LSJ |
231 | Her. Xen. |
| μαστός | breast ὁ μαστός the breast (ἑνικὸν
ὀνομαστικῆς)
τοῦ μαστοῦ of the breast (ἑνικὸν γενικῆς) οἱ μαστοί the breasts (πληθυντικόν ὀνομαστικῆς) |
LSJ | 231 | |
| βραχίων | arm ὁ βραχίων the arm (ἑνικὸν
ὀνομαστικῆς)
τοῦ βραχίονος of the arm (ἑνικὸν γενικῆς) οἱ βραχίονες the arms (πληθυντικόν ὀνομαστικῆς) |
LSJ | 262 | Her. |
| πῆχυς | forearm (from wrist to elbow) ὁ πῆχυς the forearm (ἑνικὸν
ὀνομαστικῆς)
τοῦ πήχεος of the forearm (ἑνικὸν γενικῆς) |
LSJ | 269 | Her. |
| χείρ | hand ἡ χείρ the hand (ἑνικὸν
ὀνομαστικῆς)
τῆς χειρός of the hand (ἑνικὸν γενικῆς) |
LSJ | 285 | Her. Xen. |
| ἄρθρον | joint τὸ ἄρθρον the joint (ἑνικὸν
ὀνομαστικῆς)
τοῦ ἄρθρου of the joint (ἑνικὸν γενικῆς) |
LSJ | 231 | |
| ἀγκών | elbow ὁ ἀγκών the elbow (ἑνικὸν
ὀνομαστικῆς)
τοῦ ἀγκῶνος of the elbow (ἑνικὸν γενικῆς) |
LSJ | 259 | Her. |
| ὠλένη | elbow ἡ ὠλένη the elbow (ἑνικὸν
ὀνομαστικῆς)
τῆς ὠλένης of the elbow (ἑνικὸν γενικῆς) |
LSJ | 216 | |
| καρπός | wrist ὁ καρπός the wrist (ἑνικὸν
ὀνομαστικῆς)
τοῦ καρποῦ of the wrist (ἑνικὸν γενικῆς) |
LSJ | 231 | Her. |
| δάκτυλος | finger or toe ὁ δάκτυλος the finger or toe
(ἑνικὸν ὀνομαστικῆς)
τοῦ δακτύλου of the finger or toe (ἑνικὸν γενικῆς) οἱ δάκτυλοι the fingers or the toes (πληθυντικόν ὀνομαστικῆς) |
LSJ | 231 | Her. Xen. |
| πλευρά | side, (in the plural) ribs ἡ πλευρά the side or rib (ἑνικὸν
ὀνομαστικῆς)
τῆς πλευρᾶς of the side, of the rib (ἑνικὸν γενικῆς) |
LSJ |
216 | Her. Xen. |
| κοιλία |
cavity of the body ἡ κοιλία, τῆς κοιλίας
|
LSJ |
216 | Her. Xen. |
| γαστήρ | stomach ἡ γαστήρ, τῆς γαστέρος
|
LSJ |
259 | Her. Xen. |
| ὀσφῦς |
lower part of the back, loin ἡ ὀσφῦς, τῆς ὀσφύος
|
LSJ | 268 | Her. Xen. |
| πυγή |
buttock ἡ πυγή, τῆς πυγῆς
|
LSJ | 216 | Her. Xen. |
| μηρός | thigh ὁ μηρός, τοῦ μηροῦ
|
LSJ |
231 | Her. Xen. |
| κνήμη | shin, calf (the part between the knee
and the ankle) ἡ κνήμη, τῆς κνήμης
|
LSJ | 216 | Her. Xen. |
| πούς | foot ὁ πούς, τοῦ ποδός
|
LSJ | 257 | Her. Xen. |
| γόνυ | knee τὸ γόνυ, τοῦ γόνατος
|
LSJ | 285 | Her. Xen. |
| σφυρόν | ankle τὸ σφυρόν, τοῦ σφυροῦ
|
LSJ | 231 | Her. Xen. |
| Adjectives (τὰ ἐπίθετα) | English Definition | Dict. | Gram. | Author |
| μέσος,
-η, -ον |
middle, in the middle |
LSJ | 287 | Her. |
| Verbs (τὰ ῥήματα) | English Definition | Dict. | Gram. | Author |
| γιγνώσκω |
I comprehend, undertand, know γιγνώσκεις you know, you
understand
|
LSJ |
416 | Her. |
| ὑπόκειμαι | I lie under ὑποκεῖνται they lie under
|
LSJ |
791 |
| Adverbs (τὰ ἐπιρρήματα) | English Definition | Dict. | Gram. | Author |
| ἐφεξῆς | in order, one after another | LSJ |
341 |