νῦν, Ζαφόν, σὲ δεῖ μανθάνειν τὰ μέρη τοῦ σώματος.
πρῶτον μὲν ἄνω ἐστὶν ἡ κεφαλή· ἐπὶ δὲ τῆς κεφαλῆς αἱ τρίχες φύονται καὶ κόμη ὀνομάζονται.
κόμην μέλαιναν ἔχω καὶ σὺ μέλαιναν ἔχεις. ἄλλα χρώματα ξανθὸν καὶ πυρρὸν καὶ καστανοῦν εἰσί.
ἔχω δύο ὦτα. ἔχεις ὦτα δύο καὶ σύ. πάντες ἄνθρωποι δύο ὦτα ἔχουσι καὶ ἀκούομεν τοῖς ὠσίν. τόδε μὲν τὸ ἀριστερὸν οὖς ἐστί. τόδε δὲ τὸ δεξιὸν οὖς.
ὀφθαλμοὺς αὖθις δύο ἔχω καὶ δὴ καὶ ἕκαστός τις. ὁρῶμεν δὲ τοῖς ὀφθαλμοῖς. ὅδε μὲν ὁ ἀριστερὸς ὀφθαλμός ἐστι καὶ ὅδε δὲ ὁ δεξιὸς ὀφθαλμός.
καὶ ὑπὲρ τῶν ὀφθαλμῶν ἐστὶ τὸ μέτωπον, ὑπὸ τοῖς ὀφθαμοῖς καὶ ἡ ῥὶς ἐν μέσῳ καὶ ἑκατέρωθεν παρειαί, αἷς ἐρυθριῶμεν.
ὑπὸ τῇ ῥινὶ καὶ ταῖς παρειαῖς τὸ στόμα ὕπεστι· ἐν δὲ τῷ στόματι ἥ τε γλῶττα καὶ οἱ ὀδόντες· τὸ δὲ γένειον κάτω ἐστὶ τοῦ στόματος, καὶ ἡ ἐπὶ τοῦ γενείου φυομένη θρὶξ καλεῖται πώγων.
πάντα τὰ ἔμπροσθεν τῆς κεφαλῆς καλεῖται πρόσωπον.
ἵσταται δ' ἡ κεφαλὴ ἐπὶ τοῦ τραχήλου. ὑποκεῖνται δὲ τῷ τραχήλῳ οἱ ὦμοι ἑκατέρωθεν. καὶ τὸ μὲν ὄπισθεν μέρος τὸ ὑπὸ τοῖς ὤμοις νῶτον ὀνομάζεται· τὸ δ' ἔμπροσθεν μέρος στῆθος. καὶ τὸ μεταξὺ τοῦ στήθους εἰσὶ στέρνον καὶ δύο μαστοί. ἀπὸ δὲ τῶν ὤμων εἰσιν οἱ βραχίονες. ὅδε μὲν ὁ ἀριστερὸς βραχίων ἐστι καὶ ὅδε δὲ ὁ δεξιὸς βραχίων. τὸ ἔσχατον τοῦ βραχίονος χείρ ἐστι. καὶ ἐν χειρὶ ἑκατέρᾳ πέντε δάκτυλοι.
ἐντὸς τοῦ σώματός εἰσι κοιλίαι. ἡ ἄνω κοιλία θώραξ καὶ ἡ κάτω κοιλία γαστήρ ἐστι. καὶ ἐν μεσῷ τῆς κάτω κοιλίας ὁ ὀμφαλός.
ὑπὸ τῇ γαστέρι ἐστὶ δύο σκέλη. τόδε μὲν τὸ ἀριστερὸν σκέλος ἐστί. τόδε δὲ τὸ δεξιὸν σκέλος. τὸ ἔσχατον τοῦ σκέλους πούς ἐστι. καὶ καὶ ἐφ' ἑκατέρου ποδὸς πέντε δάκτυλοι. βαδίζομεν τοῖς πόσι.
※ Green background color indicates core vocabulary.
| Nouns (τὰ ὀνόματα) |
English Definition | Dict. | Gram. | Author |
| μέρος |
part, share τὸ μέρος the part (nominative
and accusative singular)
τὰ μέρη the parts (nominative and accusative singular) |
LSJ |
264 | Her. Xen. |
| σῶμα | body τὸ σῶμα the body (nominative and accusative singular)
τοῦ σώματος of the body (genitive singular) |
LSJ |
258 | Her. Xen. |
| κεφαλή | head ἡ κεφαλή the head (nominative
singular)
τῆς κεφαλῆς of the head (genitive singular) |
LSJ |
216 | Her. |
| κόμη |
hair ἡ κόμη the hair (nominative
singular)
τῆς κόμης of the hair (genitive singular) τὴν κόμην the hair (accusative singular) |
LSJ |
216 | Her. Xen. |
| οὖς | ear τὸ οὖς the ear (nominative and
accusative singular)
τοῦ ὠτός of the ear (genitive singular) τὰ ὦτα the ears (nominative and accusative plural) |
LSJ | 285 | |
| ὀφθαλμός | eye ὁ ὀφθαλμός the eye (nominative
singular)
τοὺς ὀφθαλμούς the eyes (object) (accusative plural) τοῖς ὀφθαλμοῖς (by means of) the eyes (dative plural) |
LSJ | 231 | Her. Xen. |
| μέτωπον | forehead, brow τὸ μέτωπον the forehead
(nominative and accusative singular)
τοῦ μετώπου of the spring (genitive singular) |
LSJ | 231 | Her. Xen. |
| ῥίς | nose ἡ ῥίς the nose (nominative singular)
τῆς ῥινός of the nose (genitive singular) τῇ ῥινί to, for, or by the nose (dative singular) |
LSJ | 259 | |
| παρειά |
cheek ἡ παρειά the cheek (nominative
singular)
αἱ παρειαί of the cheek (genitive singular) |
LSJ | 216 | Her. |
| στόμα |
mouth τὸ στόμα the mouth (nominative
and accusative singular)
τοῦ στόματος of the mouth (genitive singular) ἐν τῷ στόματι in the mouth (dative singular) |
LSJ | 258 | Her. Xen. |
| γλῶττα | tongue, language ἡ γλῶττα the tongue (nominative
singular)
τῆς γλώττης of the tongue (genitve singular) |
LSJ | 216 | Her. |
| ὀδούς |
tooth ὁ ὀδούς the tooth (nominative
singular)
τοῦ ὀδόντος of the tooth (genitive singular) |
LSJ | 257 | Her. |
| γένειον | chin τὸ γένειον the chin (nominative
and accusative singular)
τοῦ γενείου of the chin (genitive singular) |
LSJ | 231 | |
| πρόσωπον | face τὸ πρόσωπον the face (nominative
and accusative singular)
τοῦ προσώπου of the face (genitive singular) |
LSJ | 231 | Her. Xen. |
| τράχηλος |
neck ὁ τράχηλος the neck (τοῦτο τὸ
ὄνομα ἑνικὸν καὶ τῆς ὀνομαστικῆς πτώσεως)
τοῦ τραχήλου of the neck (τὸ ὄνομα ἑνικόν καὶ τῆς γενικῆς πτώσεως) |
LSJ |
231 | |
| ὦμος |
shoulder ὁ ὦμος the shoulder (τοῦτο τὸ ὄνομα ἑνικὸν
καὶ τῆς τε ὀνομαστικῆς καὶ αἰτιατικῆς πτώσεως)
τοῦ ὤμου of the shoulder (τὸ ὄνομα ἑνικὸν καὶ τῆς γενικῆς πτώσεως) |
LSJ |
231 | Her. |
| νῶτον | back τὸ νῶτον the back (ἑνικὸν
ὀνομαστικῆς)
τοῦ νώτου of the back (ἑνκιόν γενικῆς) |
LSJ |
231 | Her. |
| στῆθος |
chest
τὸ στῆθος the chest (ἑνικὸν
ὀνομαστικῆς)
τοῦ στήθους of the chest (ἑνκιόν γενικῆς) |
LSJ | 264 | Her. Xen. |
| στέρνον | sternum (can also refer more broadly to
the chest) τὸ στέρνον the sternum (ἑνικὸν
ὀνομαστικῆς)
τοῦ στέρνου of the sternum (ἑνικὸν γενικῆς) |
LSJ |
231 | Her. Xen. |
| μαστός | breast ὁ μαστός the breast (ἑνικὸν
ὀνομαστικῆς)
τοῦ μαστοῦ of the breast (ἑνικὸν γενικῆς) οἱ μαστοί the breasts (πληθυντικόν ὀνομαστικῆς) |
LSJ | 231 | |
| βραχίων | arm ὁ βραχίων the arm (ἑνικὸν
ὀνομαστικῆς)
τοῦ βραχίονος of the arm (ἑνικὸν γενικῆς) οἱ βραχίονες the arms (πληθυντικόν ὀνομαστικῆς) |
LSJ | 262 | Her. |
| χείρ | hand ἡ χείρ the hand (ἑνικὸν
ὀνομαστικῆς)
τῆς χειρός of the hand (ἑνικὸν γενικῆς) |
LSJ | 285 | Her. Xen. |
| δάκτυλος | finger or toe ὁ δάκτυλος the finger or toe
(ἑνικὸν ὀνομαστικῆς)
τοῦ δακτύλου of the finger or toe (ἑνικὸν γενικῆς) οἱ δάκτυλοι the fingers or the toes (πληθυντικόν ὀνομαστικῆς) |
LSJ | 231 | Her. Xen. |
| κοιλία |
cavity of the body ἡ κοιλία, τῆς κοιλίας
|
LSJ |
216 | Her. Xen. |
| θώραξ |
trunk,
thorax ὁ θώραξ the trunk or thorax
(τοῦτο τὸ ὄνομα ἑνικὸν καὶ τῆς ὀνομαστικῆς πτώσεως)
τοῦ θώρακος of the trunk (or thorax) (τὸ ὄνομα ἑνικόν καὶ τῆς γενικῆς πτώσεως) |
LSJ |
256 | Her. Xen. |
| γαστήρ | stomach ἡ γαστήρ, τῆς γαστέρος
|
LSJ |
259 | Her. Xen. |
| σκέλος | leg τὸ σκέλος the leg (τοῦτο τὸ
ὄνομα ἑνικὸν καὶ τῆς τε ὀνομαστικῆς καὶ αἰτιατικῆς
πτώσεως)
τοῦ σκέλους of the leg (τὸ ὄνομα ἑνικὸν καὶ τῆς γενικῆς πτώσεως) τὰ σκέλη the legs (τὸ ὄνομα πληθυντικόν καὶ τῆς τε ὀνομαστικῆς καὶ αἰτιατικῆς πτώσεως) |
LSJ | 264 |
Her. Xen. |
| πούς | foot ὁ πούς, τοῦ ποδός
|
LSJ | 257 | Her. Xen. |
| Adjectives (τὰ ἐπίθετα ὀνόματα) | English Definition | Dict. | Gram. | Author |
| ξανθός, -ά, -όν | blond |
LSJ | 287 | |
| πυρρός, -ά, -όν | red |
LSJ |
287 | |
| καστάνεος, -α, -ον | chestnut |
LSJ |
287 | |
| μέλας,
μελαίνα, μέλαν |
dark, black | LSJ |
298 | Her. |
| ἕκαστος,
ἑκάστη, ἕκαστον |
each, each one |
LSJ |
337 | Her. Xen. |
| πᾶς,
πᾶσα, πᾶν |
every, all |
LSJ |
299 | Her. Xen. |
| ἔσχατος,
ἐσχάτη, ἔσχατον |
fartherest-->highest, lowest, final |
LSJ |
299 | Her. Xen. |
| Verbs (τὰ ῥήματα) |
English Definition | Dict. | Gram. | Author |
| φύω |
I bring forth, produce, engender, cause
to grow φύονταιthey grow, spring forth
φυομένη growing (present participle, feminine, nominative singular) |
LSJ |
383 | Her. Xen. |
| ἀκούω |
I hear ἀκούομεν we hear
|
LSJ |
383 | Her. Xen. |
| ἐρυθριάω | I blush ἐρυθριῶμεν we blush
|
LSJ |
385 | |
| καλέω | I call καλεῖται is called
|
LSJ |
385 | Her. Xen. |
| Adverbs (τὰ ἐπιρρήματα) | English Definition | Dict. | Gram. | Author |
| ἄνω | up,
upwards, above |
LSJ |
342 | Her. Xen. |
| ἑκατέρωθεν | on
both sides |
LSJ |
342 | Her. Xen. |
| κάτω | down,
below |
LSJ |
342 | Her. Xen. |
| ἐντός | within,
inside |
LSJ |
342 | Her. Xen. |