τὸ ἀνάγνωσμα περὶ τοῦ βίου

νῦν λέγω σοὶ περὶ τοῦ βίου ἐν τῇ οἰκίᾳ τῇ ἡμετέρᾳ. γιγνώσκεις δὲ τὴν οἰκίαν ἐν κώμῃ μικρᾷ οὖσαν. καὶ ἡ κώμη ἐστὶ ἐν χωρίῳ καὶ ὄρεα (ὄρη) μικρὰ περιέχει τὸ χωρίον κύκλῳ. ἴσως ἐρωταῖς, τί ἐστι ὄρος; ὄρος τόπος ὑψηλός ἐστι. τὸ οὖν ἡμέτερον χωρίον ὀρεινόν ἐστι καὶ ὑψηλόν τε καὶ δένδροις συνηρεφές. ἐν τοῖς ὄρεσί εἰσι λεῦκαι καὶ δρύες καὶ φηγοὶ. ὅπου δὲ πολλὰ δένδρα ὁμοῦ ἐστιν ὕλην ὀνομάζομεν. οὐ δυνατόν ἐστι ἐν τοῖς ὄρεσι καὶ τῇ ὕλῃ γεωργεῖν, ἀλλὰ ἔξεστι ἡμῖν τὰ πρόβατα νέμειν. ὁ πατὴρ νέμει τὰ πρόβατα ἐν τούτοις τοῖς ὄρεσι καὶ νομεὺς καλεῖται. οἱ δὲ βουκόλοι καὶ οἱ αἰπόλοι καὶ οἱ ποιμένες καὶ οἱ συβῶται νομεῖς εἰσί.

Notes

ἴσως: We have frequently begun our sessions with the expressions χαίρετε, ὦ μαθηταί.  πῶς ἔχετε; ("Welcome, students. How are you?") and the replies χαῖρε καὶ συ, ὦ διδάσκαλε. ἔχω καλῶς ("Welcome, teacher. I am well.") or ἔχω κακῶς ("I am poorly."). This πῶς is an interrogative adverb (ἐρωτηματικὸν ἐπίρρημα), and καλῶς and κακῶς are adverbial (ἐπιρρηματικός, - ή, -όν) forms (τύποι) of the adjectives (τῶν ἐπιθέτων) καλός, -ή, -όν and κακός, -ή, -όν. Here is the adverbial form of ἴσος, -η, -ον ("equal"), which conveys the meaning of "just the same" or "perhaps."

ὅπου: is an indirect interrogative adverb (ἐρωτηματικὸν ἐπίρρημα). In English the direct and the indirect forms are the same, for example, in the sentences: "Where are you?" and "Suzy wants to know where you are."  In Greek the indirect form has an initial ο-. The direct form is ποῦ. You have already encountered this phenomenon in lesson four where you responded to the direct question: πόσα δωμάτιά ἐστι ἐν τῇ σῇ οἰκίᾳ; and also saw the indirect question: ἆρα γιγνώσκετε ὁπόσα οἰκήματά ἐστιν ἐν ταῖς ὑμετέραις οἰκίαις;

Vocabulary

※ Green background color indicates core vocabulary.

Nouns (τὰ ὀνόματα)	English Definition	Dict.	Gram.	Author
ὁ βίος, τοῦ βίου	life, way of living	LSJ	231	Her.
τὸ χωρίον, τοῦ χωρίου	place, district, area	LSJ	231	Her. Xen.
τό ὄρος, τοῦ ὄρους		LSJ	264	Her.
ὁ κύκλος, τοῦ κύκλου	circle	LSJ	231	Her.
ὁ τόπος, τοῦ τόπου	place	LSJ	231	Xen.
ἡ λεύκη, τῆς λεύκης	poplar	LSJ	216	Her.
ὁ φηγός, τοῦ φηγοῦ	beech	LSJ	231
ἡ δρύς, τῆς δρύος	oak	LSJ	268
ἡ ὕλη, τῆς ὕλης	forest	LSJ	216	Her.
τὰ πρόβατα, τῶν προβάτων	cattle; (more generally) herd of animals	LSJ	258
ὁ νομεύς, τοῦ νομέως	νέμει αἶγας ἢ βοῦς ἢ πρόβατα, νομεὺς ὅμοιος ποιμένι	LSJ	275	Her. Xen.
ὁ βουκόλος, τοῦ βουκόλου	νέμει τοὺς βοῦς, βουκολεῖ τοὺς βοῦς	LSJ	231	Her. Xen.
ὁ αἴπόλος, τοῦ αἰπόλου	αἰγῶν νομεύς	LSJ	231
ὁ ποιμήν, τοῦ ποιμένος	νέμει ποίμνην, ποίμην ὅμοιος νομεῖ	LSJ	259
ὁ συβώτης, τοῦ συβώτου	ὑῶν νομεύς	LSJ	222
ὁ/ἡ βοῦς, τοῦ/τῆς βοός		LSJ	275	Her. Xen.
ἡ ποίμνη, τῆς ποίμνης	flock (usuallly of sheep)	LSJ	216	Her.
ὁ/ἡ ὄις, τοῦ/τῆς ὄιος		LSJ	274	Xen.
ὁ/ἡ αἴξ, τοῦ/τῆς αἰγός		LSJ	256
ὁ/ἡ ὗς, τοῦ/τῆς ὑός		LSJ	268

Adjectives (τὰ ἐπίθετα)	English Definition	Dict.	Gram.	Author
ὀρεινός, -ή, -όν	mountainous	LSJ	287	Her. Xen.
ὑψηλός, -ή, -όν	high	LSJ	287	Her.
συνηρεφής, -ές	shaded, covered	LSJ	292	Her.
δυνατός, -ή, -όν	able	LSJ	287	Her. Xen.

Verbs (τὰ ῥήματα)	English Definition	Dict.	Gram.	Author
ἐρωτάω	I ask, inquire ἐρωτᾶτε You (plural) ask.	LSJ	385	Her. Xen.
νέμω	deal out, dispense --> manage --> provide livestock with feed, pasture νέμει He (or she or it) pastures	LSJ	383	Her. Xen.
ἔξεστι	it is possible	LSJ	768	Her. Xen.

Adverbs (τὰ ἐπιρρήματα)	English Definition	Dict.	Gram.	Author
ὁμοῦ	together, at the same place	LSJ	342